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Marx, Engels: Communist Manifesto http://www.anu.edu.au/polsci/marx/c.../manifesto.html 0 - Intro Communism was an umbrella word used by right-wing gvt to designate their opponents. In fact, the so-called communists were scattered, and Marxism was only one of the ideologies. 1 - Bourgeois and Proletarians History = "the history of class struggles" Working class awareness: "with the development of industry, the proletariat not only increases in number; it becomes concentrated in greater masses, its strength grows, and it feels that strength more. " Internationalization by new means of communication established by the Modern Industry 2 - Proletarians and Communists "In this sense, the theory of the Communists may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property." "But does wage labor create any property for the laborer? Not a bit. It creates capital," "Capital is a collective product, and only by the united action of many members, nay, in the last resort, only by the united action of all members of society, can it be set in motion. " "By freedom is meant, under the present bourgeois conditions of production, free trade, free selling and buying. " family seen as a small society, where women and children are exploited: "The bourgeois sees his wife a mere instrument of production." >> 1. Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes. 2. A heavy progressive or graduated income tax. 3. Abolition of all rights of inheritance. 4. Confiscation of the property of all emigrants and rebels. 5. Centralization of credit in the banks of the state, by means of a national bank with state capital and an exclusive monopoly. 6. Centralization of the means of communication and transport in the hands of the state. 7. Extension of factories and instruments of production owned by the state; the bringing into cultivation of waste lands, and the improvement of the soil generally in accordance with a common plan. 8. Equal obligation of all to work. Establishment of industrial armies, especially for agriculture. 9. Combination of agriculture with manufacturing industries; gradual abolition of all the distinction between town and country by a more equable distribution of the populace over the country. 10. Free education for all children in public schools. Abolition of children's factory labor in its present form. Combination of education with industrial production, etc. When, in the course of development, class distinctions have disappeared, and all production has been concentrated in the hands of a vast association of the whole nation, the public power will lose its political character. << 3 - Socialist and Communist Literature [ education ] |
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